NASDAQ STOCK MARKET

Money makes the world go around

 

 

The NASDAQ Stock Market, also known as simply the NASDAQ, is an American stock market. "NASDAQ" originally stood for National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations. It is the second-largest stock market comparing to official stock exchanges by market capitalization in the world, after the New York Stock Exchange. The exchange platform is owned by NASDAQ OMX Group, which also owns the OMX stock market network.

History

NASDAQ was founded in 1979 by the National Association of Securities Dealers (NASD), who divested themselves of it in a series of sales in 2000 and 2001. It is owned and operated by the NASDAQ OMX Group, the stock of which was listed on its own stock exchange beginning July 2, 2002, under the ticker symbol NASDAQ: NDAQ. It is regulated by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA), the successor to the NASD.

When the NASDAQ stock exchange began trading on February 8, 1971, it was the world's first electronic stock market. At first, it was merely a computer bulletin board system and did not actually connect buyers and sellers. The NASDAQ helped lower the spread (the difference between the bid price and the ask price of the stock) but somewhat paradoxically was unpopular among brokerages because they made much of their money on the spread.
NASDAQ was the successor to the over-the-counter (OTC) system of trading. As late as 1987, the NASDAQ exchange was still commonly referred to as the OTC in media and also in the monthly Stock Guides issued by Standard & Poor's Corporation.

Over the years, NASDAQ became more of a stock market by adding trade and volume reporting and automated trading systems. NASDAQ was also the first stock market in the United States to start trading online. Nobody before them had ever done this, highlighting NASDAQ-traded companies (usually in technology) and closing with the declaration that NASDAQ is "the stock market for the next hundred years." Its main index is the NASDAQ Composite, which has been published since its inception. However, its exchange-traded fund tracks the large-cap NASDAQ-100 index, which was introduced in 1985 alongside the NASDAQ 100 Financial Index.


Until 1987, most trading occurred via the telephone, but during the October 1987 stock market crash, market makers often didn't answer their phones. To counteract this, the Small Order Execution System (SOES) was established, which provides an electronic method for dealers to enter their trades. NASDAQ requires market makers to honor trades over SOES.

In 1992, it joined with the London Stock Exchange to form the first intercontinental linkage of securities markets. NASD spun off NASDAQ in 2000 to form a publicly traded company, the NASDAQ Stock Market, Inc.

In 2006 NASDAQ changed from stock market to licensed national exchange.

On November 8, 2007, NASDAQ bought the Philadelphia Stock Exchange (PHLX) for US$652 million. PHLX is the oldest stock exchange in America—having been in operation since 1790.

To qualify for listing on the exchange, a company must be registered with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), have at least three market makers (financial firms that act as brokers or dealers for specific securities) and meet minimum requirements for assets, capital, public shares, and shareholders.

In February 2011, in the wake of an announced merger of NYSE Euronext with Deutsche Börse, speculation developed that Nasdaq and IntercontinentalExchange (ICE) could mount a counter-bid of their own for NYSE. Nasdaq could be looking to acquire the American exchange's cash equities business, ICE the derivatives business. As of the time of the speculation, "NYSE Euronext’s market value was $9.75 billion. Nasdaq was valued at $5.78 billion, while ICE was valued at $9.45 billion." Late in the month, Nasdaq was reported to be considering asking either ICE or the Chicago Merc to join in what would probably have to be, if it proceeded, an $11–12 billion counterbid.

EASDAQ (European Association of Securities Dealers Automatic Quotation System) founded originally as a European equivalent to NASDAQ, it was purchased by NASDAQ in 2001 and became NASDAQ Eur03, it shut down operations as a result of the burst of the dot-com bubble. In 2007, NASDAQ Europe was revived as Equiduct and is currently operating under Börse Berlin.

In 2013, NASDAQ was approached by private equity firm Carlyle Group about taking the exchange operator private, but the talks fell apart over a disagreement on price.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

LINKS

 

MONEY FINDER

 

ABBEY NATIONAL

AGRICULTURAL BANK CHINA

ALLIANCE & LEICESTER

ALLIED IRISH

ALTERNATIVE INVESTMENTS

AMERICAN EXPRESS

ANGELS

ANZ BANK AUSTRALIA

ASIA PACIFIC ECONOMIC COOPERATION

BANCO BRADESCO

BANK OF AMERICA

BANK OF CHINA

BANK OF TOKYO JAPAN

BANK ONE USA

BANKS

BARCLAYCARD

BARCLAYS - UK

BAYERISCHE LANDESBANK - Germany

BNP PARIBAS GROUP - France

BILLIONAIRES

BRISTOL & WEST

BRITISH NATIONAL BUSINESS ANGELS

BRITISH VENTURE CAPITAL FIRMS

BUILDING SOCIETIES A - Z

BUSINESS PLAN -  MARKETING

CAHOOT

CANADIAN IMPERIAL BANK - Canada

CHASE MANHATTAN - US

CHINA CONSTRUCTION BANK

CITIBANK - US

COMEICA BANK - US

CREDIT CARDS - DEBT RELIEF

CREDIT LYONNIAS - France

CREDIT SUISSE

DEUTSCHE BANK - Germany

DIAMONDS

DOW JONES

DRAGONS DEN 2006

DRESDNER BANK - Germany

ECONOMICS

ELECTRONIC MONEY TRANSFERS

EMERALDS

ENTREPRENEUR

EQUITY HOUSES

FINANCIER

FIRST DIRECT

FLEET - US 

FLOATATIONS

FORBES 100 RICHEST

FORBES 500

FOREX INVESTMENTS

FORTUNE 500

FOUNDATIONS - GATES

FREE TRADE ZONES

FTSE

FUJI BANK - JAPAN

GOLD

GOLDMAN SACHS

HALIFAX

HBOS - HALIFAX BANK of SCOTLAND

HOLDING COMPANY

HONG KONG STOCK EXCHANGE

HSBC

HSBC BANK USA - UK

HSBC - HK

IDENTITY THEFT PREVENTION

IMPERIAL BANK - US

INDUSTRIAL COMMERCIAL BANK CHINA

INSURANCE

INVESTORS INDEX

IMF

ITAU UNIBANCO

J PIERPOINT MORGAN

JOHANNESBURG STOCK EXCHANGE

KLEINWORT BENSON

LA SALLE BANK - US

LIFE ASSURANCE

LOANS

LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE - MARKET

LLOYDS

MADRID STOCK EXCHANGE

MARKET CAPITALISATION

MAYBANK - Malaysia

MILLIONAIRES

MITSUBISHI UFJ FINANCIAL

MONEY

MONEY LAUNDERING

MORTGAGES

NASDAQ

NATIONAL AUSTRALIA BANK GROUP

NATIONAL LOTTERY

NATIONAL WESTMINSTER BANK

NATIONAL BUSINESS ANGEL NETWORK

NATIONAL CITY BANK - US

NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE

OFFSHORE BANKING

OMX AB HELSINKI

PENSIONS

PLATINUM

PLCs

RBS ROYAL BANK OF SCOTLAND

ROYAL BANK CANADA

RUBIES

SANTANDER BANCO

SANWA BANK - Japan

SAPHIRES

SAVINGS

SHAREHOLDERS

SHARES, STOCKS, DIVIDENDS

SHELL COMPANIES

SIAM COMMERCIAL BANK - Thailand

SILVER

SOCIETE GENERALE - France

SOUTHERN BANK BERHAD - Malyasia

STANDARD CHARTERED BANK - UK

STATE STREET BANK - US

STOCKS AND SHARES

SUMITOMO MITSUI BANK - Japan

SWISS BANK ACCOUNTS

TAX HAVENS

THAI FARMERS BANK - Thailand

THE AMERICAN DOLLAR

THE ARAB INVESTMENT COMPANY

THE CHINESE YUAN

THE DINAR

THE EURO

THE INDIAN RUPEE

THE JAPANESE YEN

THE POUND STERLING

THE RUSSIAN ROUBLE

THE SOUTH AFRICAN RAND

THE SWISS FRANC

TOKYO STOCK EXCHANGE

TORONTO DOMINION BANK - Canada

TRUSTS

UBS AG - Switzerland

UNION BANK OF CALIFORNIA

US BANKCORP

VAT - VALUE ADDED TAX

VENTURE CAPITAL

VISA

WALL STREET

WELLS FARGO - US

WEST DEUTSCHE LANDESBANK - Germany

WESTPAC

WORLD BANK

WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION

WOOLWICH

-

-

 

 

 

 

Kulo Luna $billion dollar whale

When a pirate whaler kills a small humpback whale, her giant friend sinks the pirate ship to avenge the death, but is itself wounded. The pirates put a price on the whale's head, but an adventurer in an advanced solar powered boat races to beat the pirates and save the wounded animal. 

 

The $Billion Dollar Whale, Kulo Luna adventure novel by Jameson Hunter

 

A heartwarming action adventure: Pirate whalers V Conservationists, with an environmental message and a $Billion dollars riding on the winner. For release as an e-book in 2013 with hopes for a film in 2015 with a provisional budget of £80m including risk share, TBA

 

 

  

This website is copyright © 1991- 2013 Electrick Publications. All rights reserved. The bird logo and names Solar Navigator, Utopia Tristar and Blueplanet Ecostar are trademarks ™.  The Blueplanet vehicle configuration is registered ®.  All other trademarks hereby acknowledged and please note that this project should not be confused with the Australian: 'World Solar Challenge'™which is a superb road vehicle endurance race from Darwin to Adelaide.  Max Energy Limited is an educational charity working hard to promote world peace.

 

 AUTOMOTIVE  |  BLUEPLANET BE3  |  ELECTRIC CARS  |  ELECTRIC CYCLES  |  SOLAR CARS  SOLARNAVIGATOR